Biography : Jose Garcia Villa

Name : Jose Garcia Villa
aka : Doveglion b. Singalong
Birth date : August 5, 1908
Parents : Simeon Villa (Emilio Aguinaldo's physician) and Guia Garcia

Educational Background
Secondary : University of the Philippines (UP) High School
College : UP College of Medicine, University of Mexico and Columbia University

Work Experience
- taught poetry for a while at the City College of New York, 1964- 1973
- worked in the Philippine Mission to the U.N., 1954- 1963 and became the vice consul in 1965
- teach professionals in his Greenwich Village residence

Achievements/Awards
- a collection of poetry was nominated for the Bollingen prize
- received the American academy of arts and Letter's Poetry Award
- the Shelley Memorial Award
- the Guggenheim, Bollingen, and Rockefeller fellowships for poetry
- received honorable in the Commonwealth Literary Awards, 1940
- first prize, UP Golden Jubilee Literary Contest,1958
- an honorary doctorate of literature, Far Eastern University, 1959
- Rizal Pro Patria Award, 1961
- Republic Cultural Heritage Award for poetry and short story, 1962
- honorary doctorate in literary form the UP, 1973
- On 12 June 1973, Villa was named National Artist in Literature

Contribution
- Philippine fiction critic
- made a selection of the best Philippine short stories in English as published in various
periodicals in the country. Inclusion in the list was deemed an honor and a recognition that one
had “arrived” in Philippine literature
- introduced his poetic innovations: the comma poems and reversed consonance

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Biography : Carlos P. Romulo

Name : Carlos P. Romulo
Birth date : Camiling, Tarlac 14 Jan 1899
Died : 15 Dec 1985
Parents : Gregorio Romulo (formrer governor) and Maria Peña
Spouse : Virginia Llamas, Beth Day

Educational Background
Secondary : Manila High School
College : University of the Philippines
Masters : Columbia University (masters of arts)

Work Experience
- taught English at UP
- held several positions in newspapers like the Philippine Herald and Manila Tribune
- associate editor, the Citizen, 1919
- editor in chief, T-V-T Publications, Manila, 1931
- member, Board of Regents, UP, 1931- 1941
- publisher, D-M-H-M Newspapers, Manila, 1937- 1941
- secretary of Public Information and Public Relations, Pres. Manuel L. Quezon's War cabinet,
Washington DC, 1943- 1944
- resident commissioner of the Philippines to the United States, 1944- 1946
- chief of the Philippine Mission to the United Nations 1945- 1954
- Secretary of Foreign affairs, Pres. Elpidio Quirino's cabinet, 1050- 1952
- Ambassador to the United States, 1952- 1953, 1955- 1962
- secretary of Education and concurrent UP president, 1962 – 1968
- minister of Foreign Affairs
- and member, Batasang Pambansa (representing National Capital Region)

Achievemnts / Awards
- founding member of the Philippine Academy of Sciences and Humanities
- member of Alpha Phi Omega, Phi Kappa Phi, National Press Club (Washington DC) and the
National Research Council of the Philippines
- received honorary degrees from Notre Dame University, Indiana 1935
- received honorary degrees from University of Athens, 1948
- received honorary degrees from Harvard University, 1950
- received honorary degrees from Chungang University,Korea, 1961
- received honorary degrees from Thammasat University, Thailand, 196
- received honorary degrees from University of California, 1965
- Pulitzer prize for journalism, for work in the United Nations for peace, 1947 and 1948
- Golden Heart Presidential Award, 1954
- Hellenic University Award of Philadelphia Award, for his book, Crusade in Asia, 1955
- Republic Cultural Heritage Award, 1965
- Rizal Pro Patria Award, 1971
- World Peace Award from the World federalists association of New York, 1976
- National Artist in 1984

Contribution
- founding member of the Philippine Academy of Sciences and Humanities

Writeups
- Daughters for Sale, 1924
- Rizal, A Chronicle Play, 1926
- Juli, 1927
- Better English, 1924
- College Composition, 1925
- I Saw the fall of the Philippines, 1942
- Mother America, 1943
- My Brother Americans, 1945
- I See the Philippines Rise, 1946
- The United (a novel), 1951
- Crusade in Asia, 1955
- The Meaning of Bandung; The Magsaysay Story, 1956, with Marvin M. Gray
- Friend to Friend, 1958 with Pearl s. Buck
- I walked With Heroes (autobiography), 1961
- Mission to Asia; The Dialogue Begins, 1964
- Contemporary Nationalism and World Order, Identity and Change: Towards a National
Definition, 1965
- Evasions and Response, 1966
- The University and external Aid; Clarifying the Asian Mystique
- In the Mainstream of Diplomacy

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Biography : Antonio Martinez Abad

Name : Antonio Martinez Abad
aka : "el gran novelista de la literatura Filipino hispana despues de Rizal"
Birth date : May 10, 1894 in Barili, Cebu
Field of Work : poet, fictionist, playwright, and essayist
Died : April 10, 1970.

Educatiuonal Background
- Colegio de San Carlos

Experience
- professor at Far Eastern University and the University of the Philippines
- editor of La Revolution, El Precursor, El Espectador, The Cebu Advertiser, and El Debate
- in 1926, he became the president of La Opinion

Achievements/Awards
- His novel La oveja de Nathan is widely discussed in the following article in Spanish, by
Professor Manuel Garcia Castellon, from University of New Orleans
- a master of a master of costumbrismo (local color), in a personal form of anecdote known as
instantánea or ráfaga
- won the Premio Zobel for his El Último Romántico and La Oveja de Nathán (with Flaviano
Zaragoza)
- won Premio Concurso Literario de la Mancomunidad Filipina for novels Dagohoy and El
Campeón
- one of the recipients of the Commonwealth Literary Awards

Contribution
- co-founded the Department of Spanish (now European Languages)

Novels
-El Último Romántico, (1929), La Oveja de Nathán, (1929), Dagohoy (1939), El Campeón
(1939), and La Vida Secreta de Daniel Espeña (1960; one of the last Filipino novels written in
Spanish)

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Biography : Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez

Name: Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez
Birth date : September 8, 1915
Field : Fictionist, poet, essayis
Parents : Vicente Gonzalez (school supervisor) and Pastora Madali (a teacher)
Spouse : Narita Manuel
Died : 1999 due to kidney complications

Educational Background
Elementary : Romblon
Secondary : Mindoro High School
College : National University and Manila Law College
Stanford University, Kenyon School of English, and Columbia University (creative writing)

Work Experience
- delivery boy in his father's slaughterhouse and meat stall in Calapan
- contributor to the graphic
- twice chosen as the Workshop's writer-in-residence in 1978 and 1987
- professor of English and Asian American literature at the University of Washington from
1976 to 1979
- visiting associate professor of English in the University of California in Santa Barbara
- in 1986, artist-in-residence of the Djarassi Foundation in Woodside, California

Achievements/Awards
- won in the students' literary contest sponsored by the Graphic for an essay in Theodore
Roosevelt's visit to Calapan in 1934
- invited by the University of the Philippines (UP), to teach English and the short story from
1951 to 1967
- chairperson of the Second UP Writers Summer Workshop in Los Baños in 1967
- received several Rockefeller grants
- received a special award in the 1940 Commonwealth Literary Contest for The Winds of April
- the Philippine Republic Award of Merit for Literature in English in 1954
- the Republic Cultural Heritage in 1960
- the Jose Rizal Pro Patria Award in 1961
- the Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan ward in 1971 from the city government of Manila
- Eight of his short stories were included in Jose Garcia Villa's honor roll in 1926 to 1940
- won third prize and first prize for His short stories, “On the Ferry” 1959 and “Serenade” in
1964
- In 1993, he received the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining in literature
- National Artist status in 1997

Novels
- the Winds of April , 1940
- A Season of Grace , 1956
- The Bamboo Dancers , 1959

Short Stories
- Seven Hills Away , 1947
- Children of the Ash Covered Loam Other Stories ,1954
- Look Stranger, On This Island Now , 1963
- Mindoro and Beyond: Twenty-one Stories , 1979
- Kalutang: A Filipino in the World an autobiographical essay, 1990
- The Father and the Maid , a compilation of six lectures delivered under the sponsorship of the
UP Creative Writing Center, 1990

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Biography : Francisco Sionil Jose

Name : Francisco Sionil Jose
Birth date : December 3, 1924
Parents : Antonio Jose (Aglipayan minister) and Sofia Sionil Spouse : Maria Teresa Jovellanos
Field in Literature : Fictionist

Educational Background
Elementary : Rosales Elementary School
Secondary : Far Eastern University High School
College : University of Santo Tomas (liberal arts)
: Manila College of Pharmacy and Dentistry (pre-medicine)

Work Experience
- editor-in-chief of the university paper The Varsitarian
- staff of Commonwealth , a Catholic magazine
- assistant editor of the United States Information Service (USIS)
- managing editor of the Sunday Times Magazine
- editor of Comment
- managing editor of the Hong Kong-based Asia Magazine
- information officer for the Colombo Plan Bureau in Sri lanka
- publisher and editor of Solidarity , a monthly magazine on current affairs, ideas and the arts
- writer-in-residence at the National University of Singapore
- visiting research scholar, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University
- professorial lecturer, De La Salle University,

Achievements/Awards
- works have been translated into several languages: Russian, Latvian, Ukranian, Dutch,
Indonesian, and Ilocano
- won three first-prize awards in the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature for
the short stories, “The God Stealer,” 1959; “Waywaya,” 1979; and “Arbol de Fuego”
(Firetree), 1980
- Palanca grand prize for his novel Mass , 1981
- second prize for his essay “A Scenario for Philippine Resistance,” 1979
- won the grand prize in the CCP Literary contests for the novel Tree , 1979
- three first-prize awards from the National Press Club, 1957, 1961 and 1962
- Fernando Ma. Guerrero Memorial Foundation Award for Literature from UST
- the Republic Cultural Heritage Award for Tree
- the Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan Award from the city government of Manila
- the Tawid Award for Cultural Nationalism from the Ilocano Heritage Foundation
- the Ramon Magsaysay Award for journalism,literature, and creative communication arts
- received the Smilth-Mundt Leader Grant, 1955
- two Asian Foundation grants, 1955 and 1960
- the Asian and Pacific Council fellowship, 1971
- the Outstanding Alumnus Award from UST, 1974
- national Artist for Literature in 2001

Contribution
- gives pride to the country for His writings have also appeared in literary journals and
anthologies all over Asia and in American and German publications
- He founded the Philippine chapter of the PE international organization
- set up the Solidaridad Bookshop cum publishing firm and a shortlived art gallery in
Ermita,Manila

Novels
- The Chief Mourner , 1953,The Pretenders in 1962, My Brother, My Executioner , 1979; Mass , 1982; Po-on , 1984;Ermita , 1988; and Viajero (Traveller), 1993

Short Story Collection
- The God Stealer and Other Stories , 1968; Selected Works , 1977; Waywaya: Eleven Filipino Short Stories , 1980; and Platinum: Ten Filipino Stories and Olvidon and Other Stories , 1988

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Biography : Bienvenido L. Lumbera

Bienvenido L. Lumbera
Birth date : April 11, 1932

Educational Background
Secondary : Mabini Academy
College : University of Santo Tomas (Journalism)
Masters : Comparative Literature at Indiana University
Doctorate : Comparative Literature at Indiana University

Work Experience
- professor University of the Philippines
- Board of Advisers of the UP Institute of Creative Writing

Achievements/Awards
- Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism
- Literature and Creative Communication Arts in 1993
- Gawad CCP
- Gawad Pambansang Alagad ni Balagtas
- Manila Critics' Circle
- the Palanca
- Professor Emeritus status in the University of the Philippines
- National Artist for Literature

Poetry Collection
- Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa (1993), and Balaybay: Mga Tulang Lunot at Manibalang, a collection of new poems in Filipino and those from Likhang Dila

Critical Works
- Abot-Tanaw: Sulyap at Suri sa Nagbabagong Kultura at Lipunan (1987) and Writing the Nation/Pag-akda ng Bansa (2000)

Liberetos
- Tales of the Manuvu (1977) and Rama Hari (1980).Sa Sariling Bayan: Apat na Dulang May Musika collects the four historical musicals Nasa Puso ang Amerika, Bayani, Noli Me Tangere: The Musical,and Hibik at Himagsik Nina Victoria Laktaw

Contribution
- introduced a new aesthetic to traditional tagalog literature with what is known as bagay
poetry

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Biography : Alejandro Reyes Roces

Name : Alejandro Reyes Roces
Birth Date : July 13, 1924
Field in Literature : Fictionist, Essayist
Parents : Rafael Roces and Inocencia Reyes
Spouse : Irene Viola

Educational Background
Elementary : Ateneo de Manila
Secondary : Ateneo de Manila
College : State University of Arizona (degree in Fine Arts)
Masters Degree: Far Eastern University (Masters in Fine Arts)
Doctorate Degree : Conferred by Tokyo University and Polytechnic University

Work Experience
- Head and dean of the Institute of Arts and Sciences
- captain in Marking Guerillas
- former president of Manila Bulletin
- runs a column in Philippine Star
- formerly ran a column in the Manila Chronicle and Manila Times

Achievements/Awards
- won literary contest at the State University of Arizona for the piece
"We Filipinos are Mild Drinkers"
- won second prize in a nationwide short story writing contest sponsored by the
Writer's Digest
- best writer of humor stories because of his funny short story collection
- received the Rizal Pro Patria Award
_ received the Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan Award in 1970
- received the Diwa ng Lahi Award in 1988
- received several awards from the Republic of Germany, Spain, Mexico,
Indonesia,Malaysia,Thailand, and Republic of China
- In 1990 he received the Tanging Parangal of the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining
- In 1948 and 1951 two of his short stories were included in the list of
Martha Foley's Best Stories of the year

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KON by: Gardeopatra Quijano

kon duna pa koy mga pako,

molupad ako sa kahanginan,

nanawon ko ang nanagbakho,

akong lipayon,akong awitan;

pangitaon ko kinsay nagsubo,

iuli kanila ang naingnan

sama pa unta ako sa isda

salumon ko ang dagat maitum

pangitaon ko ang mga mutya

kuhaon ko ang tanang matahum

dad-on ko sila dinhi sa yuta

aron ang tanan magpahiyum

kon ako mao pa ang tubig

tumpagon ko kanang mga pangpang

ang kabugnaw ko akong iduhig

ug dugkaton ko ang mga batang

patagon ko ang bungtod dahilig

aron mobanos ang bag-ong kahimtang

kon ako pa kahay adlaw

dili ako patabon sa dag-um

ipabaha ko akong silaw

ihatag ko ang tanang katahum

aron kamong tanan matagbaw

mag awit, maglipay, magpahiyum

ug kon ako mao pa ang hangin

oh, hadlaon ko ang mga bulak

isabulak ko sa tanang daplin

ang mga gihay nga mangapulak

basin ang kahumot magpabilin

sudlon ang baho sa magbabalak

Biography Nick Joaquin

Nick Joaquin

“National Artist for Literature”

“Philippine Novelist, poet, playwright, and essayist in English”

Name: Nicomedes Marquez Joaquin

Aka: “Quijano de Manila”

Born: May 4, 1917 (Paco Manila on Calle Herran)

Died: April 29, 2004 (San Juan Metro Manila)

Parents: Atty. Leocadio Y. Joaquin (colonel of the Philippine Revolution)

Salome Marquez (school teacher)

Educational Background:

Elementary: Mapa High School in Intramuros

Secondary: Mapa High School in Intramuros (up to 3rd year)

College: St. Albert College in Hong Kong

Literary Career:

@17 – published his first poem I the Tribune the “WWII Manila Times”

1950 – Philippine Free Press: Proof Reader then later Literary Editor

1971 – Asia Philippine Leader: editor-in-chief

1990 – Philippine Graphic: Editor

Travels:

1957- under a fellowship from the Harper Publishing Company in United States

and later in Mexico.

During Martial Law:

Keep himself busy compiling his Philippine Free Press Article for a series of

books, writing new plays and stories, publishing feature articles from time to

time, accepting commissions for biographies, and running a column “small beer”,

in one newspaper.

Literary Works:

* Authored more than 2 dozen books

1935 – Tribune, the WWII Manila Times

1945 – Three Generations

1952 – Prose and Poems

1962 – Selected Stories

1964 – La Naval de Manila and other Essays

1966 – A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino

1976 – Complete Poems and Plays of Joe Rizal (Translation of Rizal’s works in

english)

1977 – Pocket Book Series:

Nora Aunor and other Profiles

Ronnie Poe and other Silhouettes

Reportage on Lovers

Reportage on Crime

Amalia Fuentes and other Etchings

Gloria Diaz and other Delineations

Dove lion and other Cameos

- Question of Heroes

1979 – Tropical Baroque

Tatarin

Father and Sons

The Beateas

1980 – Manila: Sin City and other Chronicles

- Language of the Street and other Essays

1983 – Cave and Shadows

1987 – Collected Verse

1988 – Culture and History

1991 – Manila, My Manila

Awards / Winnings:

1945 – best short story, “Three Generations”

1949 – won literary contest held by Dominicans

1960 – first Stone Hill Fellowship Award for “The Woman who had two Navels”

1961 – Republic Cultural Heritage Awards for literature

1964 – Patnubay ng Sining at Lakinangan Award

1976 – Conferred the title “National Artist in Literature”

Don Carlos Panca Memorial Award:

1958 – La Vidal

1965 – Dona Jeronima

1976 – The Beateas

Manila Critics Circles National Book Awards:

1983 – The Aquinos of Tarlac

1986 – The Quartet of the Tiger Moon: Scenes from the People Power

Apocalypse

1988 – Culture and History: Occasional Notes on the Process of Philippine

Becoming

1990 – The World of Damian Domingo: 19th Century Manila, co-written with

Luciano P.R. Santiago and James Ongpin

- The Enigma: The Profile of a Filipino as Manager

Received the ESSO Journalism Award Several Times

MAY DAY EVE REFLECTION

Reflection:

In the short story, I have reflected that even though men and women were different both must be treated fairly and equally. For God made us equal.

Like men, women must have the capacity to decide and fulfill their own

desires. Women must like men be the masters of them selves and not be the slave of anyone else. Women too have a brave side in them.

Another is that, we must not take revenge. For in taking vengeance we are also destroying our self. The Lord forgives those who have sinned against him, so why can’t we human forgive. The Lord said “You must forgive 70 x 7”.

Lastly, we must not be selfish in giving and sharing our love. The purpose why we live is of love. If each of us has love in our hearts then everybody would be peaceful and the world we are living will be at peace.

MAY DAY EVE THEME

Theme:

The short story shows the status of the women during the past. That woman is weak and men are superior over women. Before, women are deprived of her necessary rights that man had always enjoyed. During the past women were forced by their parents who are they going to marry and in some instance women are used as payments for debts.

In the story Agueda died miserably because her life was molded in to something she did not like. She was forced to marry Badoy Monitiya a very rich man who is madly in love with her. Her whole life was spent grieving, in fact he describe his husband as a devil, while she was being describe by her husband as a witch who ate Don Badoy Monitiya’s heart and drank his blood, meaning Agueda broke her heart despite of the love he gave.

MAY DAY EVE Synopsis

Synopsis:

The ball had ended, the girls were sent upstairs to sleep, while the guest from Europe who were feeling bad for they want to party some more went out to finish their drink and have some more fun in that tropical country.

At the girls room Anastasia was telling the girls that witches were abroad for it was a night of divination, night of lovers, and those who cared might peer in a mirror and would there behold the face of whoever it was they were fated to marry. One girl told Anastasia to stop and get out of the room and told her that she is a witch, but another girl said that Anastasia is a maga and was born on Christmas Eve.

One girl is very eager and much interested on Anastasia’s story and want Anastasia to tell her everything, so Anastasia for tell to the girls what to do. That she must go to a mirror close her eyes and say, “mirror mirror show to me him whose woman I will be”, then Anastasia continued that if all goes right then her lover will appear above her left shoulder and if it does not go right she will see the devil.

Agueda walked to the hall down to the sala bravely. The girls have not able to stop her and in their facing the mirror, she whispered the incantation. Agueda felt different and after a while, she has a company.

Then she heared her little child talk that she almost forgets was in her lap. The child asks if what did she saw, if she saw the devil. Then she told her child that yes she saw the devil, it was smiling at her. The devil has a scar in its face like what his father has but the difference is that of the devil is a mark of sin while that of his father is a sign of honor. Agueda continued that the devil has mustache too but unlike to that of his husband that smells of tobacco and is gray, that of the devil is so black and elegant. Agueda told her child that if she does not want to see a devil, she must stop her habbit of always looking at the mirror.

“Charms Like Yours have no need for a candle, faire one” Badoy Monitiya told Agueda then mockingly told her how vain she is that even in the middle of the night she is looking at her face. Agueda got mad and was about to walk away, but Badoy stop her and told her that she cannot go upstairs until she will dance with him. For during the ball Agueda has not dance the polka with him. Forcefully Agueda refuses and then the two got into a talk fight. After a while Agueda piteously cried and Badoy felt sorry for it and ask forgiveness. He told Agueda that he would let her go upstairs if she will forgive him, but instead of forgiving Badoy, she bit his knucklesand fled upstairs.

Filled with pain, Badoy did not know what to do, If he will call his mother to let know what happened or he himself will go upstairs to the girls room and drag Agueda out of the house. Then it came to him how Agueda looks, those curves and that pretty face. Feeling the pain consciousness came that he must take revenge. Later he realize, he want to see, touch and hear her harsh voice. Then it came to his mind that he is madly deeply in love with her, yet he must let her pay.

One May Night Don Badoy Monitiya walks home not even caring to remember what happened years ago. He walks to the hall and as he glanced at the mirror, he suddenly felt something. A familiar sense, then he called the ghostly figure in front the mirror then saw that it was his grandson. Voltaire told his grandpa what the boys in school told him of how he could see his future wife. Don Badoy led his grandson into a seat, and then they talked. He told him about the witch he saw when he was about his age and was so vain that he wants to see himself dieing because of drunkenness. Voltaire ask how awful the witch look like, then he told his grandson that the witch he saw was a hell so very beautiful lad and how that witch ate his heart and drank his blood.

Voltaire told his grandpa what his mother told him, about the story of his grandma who as well is eager to see her lover but then saw the devil. At the very moment Don Badoy realized, that was so long ago. Now she was dead, perished, that she were at last at peace and that her body was free from the brutal pranks of the earth from the trap of a May Night, from a snare of summer.

Don Badoy went up to the window and with tears, reminisce that old love.

"MAY DAY EVE" Characters

Characters:

Boys – good looking, drunk, arrogant, proud of themselves, elegant and

Aggressive

Girls – excited, struck and amused by the guests, weak, a little mean and are

afraid of witches

Anastasia – old woman, who is so obedient to her mistress, accused for being a

witch and believes in superstitious beliefs

Agueda – pretty, young woman who is so curious, hardheaded, brave and very

much willing to know her future husband

Badoy Monitiya – a vain good looking man who will do everything to get what he

wants and revengeful

Dona Agueda – old lady who has gray hair, full of sentiments, emotional and

Resentful

Dona Agueda’s daughter – a vain curious girl, who is persistent to know about the

past of her mother

Don Badoy Monitiya – a great lover, emotional and full of sentiment old man,

who repents for what he has done to Agueda

Voltaire – Believe in superstitious belief and was like his grandma who at an early

age want to know who will he marry